HCNA-24 配置RIP的版本兼容、定时器及协议优先级
HCNA-24 配置RIP的版本兼容、定时器及协议优先级1、基本配置和RIP协议，R1用RIPv1，R2用RIPv2<Huawei>system-viewsysnamer1interfaceGigabitEthernet 0/0/0ip address 172.16.10.1 24quitinterface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2ip address 192.168.10.1 24quitrip1network172.16.0.0network192.168.10.0quit <Huawei>system-viewsysname r2interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0ip address 172.16.10.2 24quitinterface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2ip address 192.168.20.1 24quitrip1version2network192.168.20.0 network 172.16.0.0quit查看R1与R2的路由表<r1>displayip routing-tableRouteFlags: R - relay, D - download to fib------------------------------------------------------------------------------RoutingTables: Public Destinations : 11 Routes : 11 Destination/Mask ProtoPreCost Flags NextHop Interface…… 192.168.20.0/24RIP 100 1 D 172.16.10.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0255.255.255.255/32Direct 0 0 D127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0<r2>displayip routing-tableRouteFlags: R - relay, D - download to fib------------------------------------------------------------------------------RoutingTables: Public Destinations : 10 Routes : 10 Destination/Mask ProtoPreCost Flags NextHop Interface 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32Direct 0 0 D127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0127.255.255.255/32Direct 0 0 D127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 172.16.10.0/24Direct 0 0 D172.16.10.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 172.16.10.2/32Direct 0 0 D127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0172.16.10.255/32Direct 0 0 D127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.20.0/24Direct 0 0 D192.168.20.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 192.168.20.1/32Direct 0 0 D127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 192.168.20.255/32Direct 0 0 D127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/2255.255.255.255/32Direct 0 0 D127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0目前发现，R1可以接收到R2下的192.168.20.0/24路由条目，但R2无法接收到R1的。
可以观察到R1采用了RIPv1，使用的广播方式发送更新。
再观察到R2采用的RIPv2使用的组播方式发送更新以上验证了R1在RIP协议进程中没有明确指定版本配置时，默认是可处理接收V1和V2版本的报文，但仅发送V1的报文；而R2因为在RIP协议进程明确了V2版本，所以仅接受和发送V2版本的报文。下面配置兼容interfaceGigabitEthernet 0/0/0ripversion 2 broadcast//接口下配置RIP版本2 广播也可以配置多播形式，效果一样ripversion 2 multcast//接口下配置RIP版本2 多播再次查看路由表<r2>displayip routing-tableRouteFlags: R - relay, D - download to fib------------------------------------------------------------------------------RoutingTables: Public Destinations : 11 Routes : 11 Destination/Mask ProtoPreCost Flags NextHop Interface…… 192.168.10.0/24RIP 100 1 D 172.16.10.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0……此时R2能够正常接收到R1的路由表。这样的兼容化操作，一般不建议用到实际工作中，正常参与RIP协议计算的路由器统一配置相同的RIP版本。
2、RIP的定时器默认情况下：RIP协议会每隔30s左右发送一次更新。路由更新的有效期为超时定时器定义的时间：180s。即当在180s内没有收到新的路由更新，则宣布该路由不可达，并从路由表中清除此路由条目。下面配置R1 GE0/0/0停止发送RIP路由更新interfaceGigabitethernet 0/0/0undorip output//接口配置取消RIP更新此时立刻查看R2的路由表<r2>displayip routing-tableRouteFlags: R - relay, D - download to fib------------------------------------------------------------------------------RoutingTables: Public Destinations : 11 Routes : 11 Destination/Mask ProtoPreCost Flags NextHop Interface……172.16.10.255/32Direct 0 0 D127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.10.0/24RIP 100 1 D 172.16.10.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0……目前R2接收到的R1路由条目仍然存在。当超过180s时displayrip 1 database --------------------------------------------------- Advertisement State : - Advertised - NotAdvertised/Withdraw --------------------------------------------------- 172.16.0.0/16, cost 0, ClassfulSumm 172.16.10.0/24, cost 0, ,Rip-interface 192.168.10.0/24, cost 16, ClassfulSumm 192.168.10.0/24, cost 16, , nexthop 172.16.10.1//16跳即为不可达，A代表正常宣告，I代表失效+ 192.168.20.0/24, cost 0, ClassfulSumm 192.168.20.0/24, cost 0, , Rip-interface displayrip 1 database --------------------------------------------------- Advertisement State : - Advertised - NotAdvertised/Withdraw --------------------------------------------------- 172.16.0.0/16, cost 0, ClassfulSumm 172.16.10.0/24, cost 0, ,Rip-interface 192.168.20.0/24, cost 0, ClassfulSumm 192.168.20.0/24, cost 0, , Rip-interfaceRIP1数据库被完清除。 displayip routing-table RouteFlags: R - relay, D - download to fib------------------------------------------------------------------------------RoutingTables: Public Destinations : 10 Routes : 10 Destination/Mask ProtoPreCost Flags NextHop Interface 127.0.0.0/8 Direct0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32Direct 0 0 D127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0127.255.255.255/32Direct 0 0 D127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 172.16.10.0/24Direct 0 0 D172.16.10.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 172.16.10.2/32Direct 0 0 D127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0172.16.10.255/32Direct 0 0 D127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.20.0/24Direct 0 0 D 192.168.20.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 192.168.20.1/32Direct 0 0 D127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 192.168.20.255/32Direct 0 0 D127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/2255.255.255.255/32Direct 0 0 D127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0再次查看IP路由表，里面已经没有了路由条止。RIP的定时器有三种：更新定时器，默认每30s发送一次更新；超过计时器，默认时间180s，如果在超时计时器内没有收到邻居发来的更新报文，则会把该路由的度量值设置为16，并启动垃圾定时器；垃圾收集定时器，默认时间120s，如果启动了该计时器，那么120s超时以后，路由表会删除该路由表项。rip1timersrip 20 120 60 //配置RIP计时器；更新时间间隔为20s，超时计时器时间为120s；垃圾收集计时器为60s；displayrip//查看RIP协议PublicVPN-instance RIP process : 1 RIP version : 1 Preference : 100 Checkzero : Enabled Default-cost: 0 Summary : Enabled Host-route : Enabled Maximum number of balanced paths : 8 Update time : 20sec Age time : 120 sec Garbage-collect time : 60 sec Graceful restart: Disabled BFD : Disabled Silent-interfaces : None ……需要注意手动调速计时器的合理性，不能更新时间大于失效时间，这样会出故障。
3、配置RIP协议优先级RIP协议的默认优先级为100rip1preference50//配置优先级为50displayip routing-tableRouteFlags: R - relay, D - download to fib------------------------------------------------------------------------------RoutingTables: Public Destinations : 11 Routes : 11 Destination/Mask ProtoPreCost Flags NextHop Interface…… 192.168.10.1/32Direct 0 0 D127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 192.168.10.255/32Direct 0 0 D127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 192.168.20.0/24RIP 501 D 172.16.10.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
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