HCNA-20 浮动静态路由及负载均衡
HCNA-20 浮动静态路由及负载均衡基本配置实现R2通信两处分点，分点与分点之间通信<Huawei>system-viewsysnamer1interfacegigabitethernet 0/0/0ipaddress 172.16.12.1 24interfacegigabitethernet 0/0/1ipaddress 172.16.13.1 24interfacegigabitethernet 0/0/2ipaddress 172.16.10.1 24quitdisplayip interface briefiproute-static 172.16.30.0 24 172.16.13.3 <Huawei>system-viewsysnamer2interfaceGigabitEthernet 0/0/0ipaddress 172.16.12.2 24interfacegigabitethernet 0/0/1ipaddress 172.16.23.2 24quitdisplayip interface briefiproute-static 172.16.10.0 24 172.16.12.1iproute-static 172.16.30.0 24 172.16.23.3 <Huawei>system-viewsysnamer3interfacegigabitethernet 0/0/0ipaddress 172.16.23.3 24interfacegigabitethernet 0/0/1ipaddress 172.16.13.3 24interfacegigabitethernet 0/0/2ipaddress 172.16.30.1 24quitdisplayip interface briefiproute-static 172.16.10.0 24 172.16.13.1 PC>tracert172.16.30.100 tracerouteto 172.16.30.100, 8 hops max(ICMP),press Ctrl+C to stop 1 172.16.10.1 16 ms16 ms 15 ms 2 172.16.13.3 <1 ms31 ms 16 ms 3 172.16.30.100 31 ms16 ms 16 ms 配置浮动静态路由实现路由备份ip route-static172.16.30.0 24 172.16.12.2 preference 100//配置静态路由并设置优先级displayip routing-tableRouteFlags: R - relay, D - download to fib------------------------------------------------------------------------------RoutingTables: Public Destinations : 14 Routes : 14 Destination/Mask ProtoPreCost Flags NextHop Interface ……0/0/1 172.16.30.0/24Static 60 0 RD172.16.13.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/1255.255.255.255/32Direct 0 0 D127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0查看路由表没有任何变化；display ip routing-tableprotocol static//查看静态路由的路由协议Route Flags: R - relay, D -download to fib------------------------------------------------------------------------------Public routing table :Static Destinations : 1 Routes : 2 Configured Routes : 2Static routing table status: <Active> Destinations : 1 Routes : 1Destination/Mask ProtoPreCost Flags NextHop Interface 172.16.30.0/24Static 60 0 RD172.16.13.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/1Static routing table status: <Inactive> Destinations : 1 Routes : 1Destination/Mask ProtoPreCost Flags NextHop Interface 172.16.30.0/24Static 1000 R 172.16.12.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0查看结果是两条路由都存在，但R2的这条路由目前是不活动的状态Pre优先级为100。R3进行同样配置。ip route-static172.16.10.0 24 172.16.23.2 preference 100 关闭R1 G0/0/1测试interfaceGigabitEthernet 0/0/1shutdown PC>tracert 172.16.30.100traceroute to 172.16.30.100,8 hops max(ICMP), press Ctrl+C to stop 1 172.16.10.1 15 ms16 ms <1 ms 2 172.16.12.2 31 ms16 ms 31 ms 3 172.16.23.3 16 ms31 ms 31 ms 4 172.16.30.100 31 ms32 ms 31 ms display ip routing-tableprotocol staticRoute Flags: R - relay, D -download to fib------------------------------------------------------------------------------Public routing table :Static Destinations : 1 Routes : 2 Configured Routes : 2Static routing table status: <Active> Destinations : 1 Routes : 1Destination/Mask ProtoPreCost Flags NextHop Interface 172.16.30.0/24Static 1000 RD172.16.12.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0Static routing table status: <Inactive> Destinations : 1 Routes : 1Destination/Mask ProtoPreCost Flags NextHop Interface172.16.30.0/24 Static60 0 172.16.13.3 Unknown 配置负载均衡interfaceGigabitEthernet 0/0/1undoshutdownquitip route-static172.16.30.0 24 172.16.12.2display ip routing-tableRoute Flags: R - relay, D -download to fib------------------------------------------------------------------------------Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 14 Routes : 15 Destination/Mask ProtoPreCost Flags NextHop Interface…… 172.16.30.0/24Static 60 0 RD172.16.13.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 Static600 RD172.16.12.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0255.255.255.255/32Direct 0 0 D127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0配置静态路由使用默认优先级后，目标172.16.30.0出现了两条可以到达的路由，不同的下一跳地址。这样便完成负载均衡。再配置R3ip route-static172.16.10.0 24 172.16.23.2display ip routing-tableRoute Flags: R - relay, D -download to fib------------------------------------------------------------------------------Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 14 Routes : 15 Destination/Mask ProtoPreCost Flags NextHop Interface 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32Direct 0 0 D127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0127.255.255.255/32Direct 0 0 D127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 172.16.10.0/24Static 60 0 RD172.16.13.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 Static600 RD 172.16.23.2 GigabitEthernet……display ip routing-tableprotocol staticRoute Flags: R - relay, D - downloadto fib------------------------------------------------------------------------------Public routing table :Static Destinations : 1 Routes : 2 Configured Routes : 2Static routing table status: <Active> Destinations : 1 Routes : 2Destination/Mask ProtoPreCost Flags NextHop Interface 172.16.10.0/24Static 60 0 RD172.16.13.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 Static600 RD 172.16.23.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0Static routing table status: <Inactive> Destinations : 0 Routes : 0注意：当中由表中出现到过同一目标的多条等价路径时，路由器在转发到达该目的地的数据包会逐包，逐流，逐目的等负载均衡算法将数据包分布在相应的链路上发送。
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